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Tuesday, 19 May 2015

Important Full Forms




Most Important Full Forms
AACI : Airport Association Council International
AAFI : Amateur Athletics Federation of India
AAGSP : All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad
AAPSO : Afro-Asian Peoples Solidarity Organization
AASU : All Assam Students Union
ABCDE : Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics
ABM : Anti Ballistic Missile
ABSU : All Bodo Students Union
ABT : Availability Based Tariff
AC : Alternate Current or Ashok Chakra or Air Conditioner or Antarctic Club
AC: Alternating Current
ACPI: Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
AD : Ano Domini (After the birth of Jesus)
ADA : Air Defense Artillery
ADB : Asian Development Bank
AERE : Atomic Energy Research Establishment
AFLP : Accelerated Female Literacy
AFPPD : Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population & Development
AGF : Asian Games Federation
AGOC : Asian Games Organization Committee
AICC : All India Congress Committee
AICCTU : All India Central Council of Trade Unions
AICI : Agricultural Insurance Corporation of India
AICTE : All India Council of Technical Education
AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIFF : All India Football Federation
AIIMS : All India Institute of Medical Sciences
AIL : Aeronautics India Limited
AIMPLB : All India Muslim Personal Law Board
AINEC : All India Newspapers Editors Conference
AIR : All India Radio
AITUC : All India Trade Union Congress
ALH : Advanced Light Helicopter
ALU: Arithmetic logic unit
AM : Anti Meridian (Before Noon)
AM: Amplitude Modulated
AMD: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
AMD: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
AMI: American Megatrends Inc.
AMIE : Associate Member of the Institute of Engineers
ANC : African National Congress
ANSI: American National Standards Institute
APEC : Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation
APIC: Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller
APM: Advanced Power Management
APNN : Asian Pacific News Network
APPLE : Asian Passenger Payload Experiment
APPU : Asian Pacific Postal Union
ARDS : Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
ARF : Asian Regional Forum
ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASEAN : Association of South East Asian Nations
ASI : Archaeological Survey of India
ASIC: Application Specific Integrated Circuit
ASLV : Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
ASPI: Advanced SCSI Programming Interface
ASSOCHAM : Associated Chamber of Commerce and Industry (India)
AT: Advanced Technology
ATA: AT Bus Attachment
ATAPI: ATA Packet Interface
ATCI : Air Time Committee of India
ATF : Aviation Turbine Fuel
ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATPLO : All Tripura Peoples Liberation Organisation
ATS : Anti Tetanus Serum
ATTF : All Tripura Tribal Force
AVARD : Association of Voluntary Agencies for Rural Development
AWACS : Airborne Warning and Control System
B.PHARMA : Bachelor of Pharmacy
BAMS : Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery
BARC : Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
BBC : British Broadcasting Corporation
BBS: Bulletin Board System
BC : Before Christ
BCC: Block Check Character
BCCI : Board of Control for Cricket in India
BCCL : Bharat Cooking Coal Limited
BCD: Binary Coded Decimal
BCG: Bacillus Calmette Guerin (Anti TB Vaccine)
BDL : Bharat Dynamics Limited
BEL : Bharat Electronics Limited
BENELUX : Belgium, Netherlands and Luxemburg
BHEL Bharat : Heavy Electronics Limited
BICP : Bureau of Industrial Costs and Prices
BIFR : Board of Industrial Finance and Reconstruction
BIMSTEC : Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, ThailandEconomic Cooperation
BIOS: Basic Input / Output System
BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards/British Information Service/Bank for International Settlements
BLTF : Bodo Liberation Tigers Force
BNC: Bayonet Nut Connector
BPO : Business Process Outsourcing
BPS/bps: Bytes/bits Per Second
BRL : Bharat Refineries Ltd
BSC: Binary Synchronous Communications
BSD: Berkeley Standard Distribution
BSF : Border Security Force
BTC : Bodoland Territorial Council
BTU: British Thermal Units
CAD : Command Area Development
CAD: Computer Aided Design
CAG : Controller of Auditor General
CAIR : Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing
CAS : Conditional Access System
CAS: Column Address Strobe
CASE : Commission for Alternative Sources of Energy
CAT : Control for Advance Technology/Central Administrative Tribunal
CAZRL : Central Arid Zone Research Institute
CBDT : Central Board of Direct Taxes
CBI : Central Bureau of Investigation
CBSE : Central Board of Secondary Education
CCEA : Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
CCI : Consumer Confidence Index
CCIC  : Central Cottage Industries Corporation
CCIT : Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism
CCL : Central Coal-fields Limited
CCS : Cabinet Committee on Security
CD: Carrier Detect & Compact Disc
C-DAC : Centre for Development of Advance Computing
CDC : Consulting Development Centre
CD-R – Compact Disc-Recordable
CDRL : Central Drug Research Institute
CD-ROM – Compact disc read-only memory
CD-RW – Compact Disc-ReWritable
CDS : Compulsory Deposit Scheme
CEA : Central Electrical Authority
CENTO : Central Treaty Organization
CERN : Council European Organization for Nuclear Research
CFRI : Central Fuel Research Institute
CFTRI : Central Food Technological Research Institute
CGA: Color Graphics Adapter
CGCRI : Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
CGWB : Central Ground Water Board
CHOGM : Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
CHS: Cylinder Head Sector
CID : Criminal Investigation Department
CIFT : Committee on Invisible Financing Related Trade
CIMA : Centre of International Modern Art
CIRDAP : Council of Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific
CIRTES : Central Institute for Research and Training in Employment Services
CIS : Commonwealth of Independent States
CISF : Central Industrial Security Force
CITU : Centre of Indian Trade Union
CIWTC : Central Inland Water Transport Corporation
CLASP : Child Labour Action and Support Project
CMAG : Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group
CMAL : Coal Mines Authority Limited
CMC : Cauri Monitoring Committee
CMDRO : Central Marine Design Research Organization
CMMACS : Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation
CMOS: Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
CMPDI : Central Mine Planning and Design Institute
CMS : Central Monitoring Series
CNG : Compressed Natural Gas
COCA : Control of Organized Crime Act
COD : Central Ordinance Depot
CODESA : Convention for a Democratic South Africa
COFEPOSA : Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Act
COMPUTER – Common Oriented Machine Particularly Used for Trade Education and Research
COPU : Committee on Public Undertaking (under Parliament)
CORE : Congress on Racial Equality
COSPAR : Committee On Space Research
CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board
CPCRI : Central Plantation Crops Research Institute
CPI: Clocks Per Instruction
CPO : Central Passport Organization
CPRI : Central Power Research Institute
CPU – Central Processing Unit
CR: Carriage Return
CRC: Cyclical Redundancy Check
CRP : Central Reserve Police
CRR : Cash Reserve Ratio
CRT : Cathode Ray Tube
CSCE : Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
CSE : Centre for Science and Environment
CSIR : Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
CSR: Command Status Register
CTEPC : Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council
CTS : Computerized Tomography Scanner
CTS: Clear To Send
CUI – Composite User Interface
CVC : Central Vigilance Commission
CVR : Cockpit Voice Recorder
D.Lit : Doctor of Literature
DAT: Digital Audio Tape
DAVP : Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity
DC: Direct Current
DCA : Drug and Cosmetic Act
DCD: Data Carrier Detect
DCE: Data Circuit-terminating Equipment
DCI : Dredging Corporation of India
DD: Double Density
DDT : Dichloro Diphenyle Trichloroethane
DDP : Desert Development Programme
DEC: Digital Equipment Corporation
DFDR : Digital Flight Data Recorder (Black Box)
DGCA : Director General of Civil Aviation
DGCEI : Directorate General of Central Excise Intelligence
DICGC : Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation
DIG : Deputy Inspector General
DIP: Dual-In-line Package
DLO : Dead Letter Office
DM : District Magistrate
DMA: Direct Memory Access
DMI: Desktop Management Interface
DMK : Dravida Munetra Kazhagam
DMRL : Defence Metalurgical Research Laboratory
DNA : Di-oxyribo Nucleic Acid
DNEM : Dynamic Numeric Encoding Method
DOCOMO : Do Communications Over the Mobile
DOS: Disk Operating System
DOTS : Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse
DPAP : Drought Prone Area Programme
DPC : Dabhol Power Company
DPCO : Drug Prices Control Order
DPCS : Defense Satellite Communication System
DPE: Data Parity Error
DPSA : Deep Penetration Strike Aircraft
DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory
DRDO : Defense Research and Development Organization
DRI : Director of Revenue Intelligence
DS: Double Sided
DSP : Digital Signal Processing
DSP: Digital Signal Processor
DSR: Data Set Ready
DST : Department of Science & Technology
DTC: Data Terminal Controller
DTE: Data Terminating Equipment
DTH : Direct To Home
DTR: Data Terminal Ready
DVC : Damodar Valley Corporation
DVD – Digital Video Disc or Digital Versatile Disc
DVD : Digital Versatile Disk
DVI – Digital Visual Interface
EAA : Easy Animal Aid
EAS : Employment Assurance Scheme
ECB : European Central Bank
EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
EC: Error Check
ECC: Error Check and Correction
ECG : Electro Cardiogram Graph
ECIL : Electronic Corporation of India Limited
ECM : European Common Market
ECOWAS : Economic Cooperation Organization of West African States
ECP: Enhanced Communication Port
ECU: EISA Configuration Utility
EDO: Extended Data Out RAM
EEC : European Economic Community
EEG : Electro Encephalogram Graph
EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EFTA : European Free Trade Association
EGA: Enhanced Graphics Adapter
EGPWS : Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
EHTP : Electronics Hardware Technology Park                                      
EIA: Electronic Industries Association
EIDE: Enhanced Integrated Device Electronics
EISA: Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture
ELCINA : Electronics and Radar Development Establishment
ELISA : Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
EMF : Electromotive Force
EMF: Electro-Magnetic Force
EMI : Equal Monthly Installment
EMI: Electro-Magnetic Interference
EMR : Exclusive Marketing Right
EMS : European Monetary System
EMS: Expanded Memory Specification
EMU : Electric Multiple Unit
ENLF : Elam National Liberation Front
EOF: End Of File
EOL: End Of Line
EOW : Economic Offence Wing
EPIP : Export Promotion Industrial Park
EPP: Enhanced Parallel Port
EPRLF : Elam People’s Revolutionary Liberation Front
EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EPZ : Export Processing Zone
ERDA : Energy Research and Development Administration
ERS : European Remote Sensing Satellite
ERTS : Earth Resources Technology Satellite
ESA : European Space Agency
ESCAP : Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific
ESCD: Extended System Configuration Data
ESD: Electro-Static Discharge
ESDI: Enhanced Small Devices Interface
ESMA : Essential Services Maintenance Act
EURECA : European Research Coordinating Agency
EVM : Electronic Voting Machine
EVTR : Electro Video Tape Recording
EXIM : bank Export-Import Bank of India
FAO : Food and Agriculture Organization
FARC : Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia
FAT: File Allocation Table
FBI : Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBTR : Fast Breeder Test Reactor
FCC: Federal Communications Commission
FCI : Food Corporation of India/Fertilizer Corporation of India
FCV : Flue Cured Virginia (a kind of tobacco)
FDD: Fixed/Floppy Disk Drive
FDDI: Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing
FDR : Flight Data Recorder (Black Box)
FDX: Full-Duplex Transmission
FE: Front End
FEMA : Foreign Exchange Management Act
FEP: Front End Processor
FERA : Foreign Exchange Regulation Act
FF: Form Feed
FFI : Film Federation of India
FICCI : Federation of Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry
FIEO : Federation of Indian Export Organization
FIFO: First-In First-Out
FIIA : Foreign Investment Implementation Authority
FIIT : Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer
FILO: First-In Last-Out
FIPB : Foreign Investment Promotion Board
FIR : First Information Report
FM: Frequency Modulation
FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Array
FPM: Fast Page Mode RAM
FPU: Floating Point Unit
FRC: Functional Redundancy Checking
FRS : Fellow of the Royal Society
FRU: Field-Replaceable Unit
FSF: Free Software Foundation
FSK: Frequency Shifty Keying
FTA : Free To Air
FTII : Films & Television Institute of India
FTP – File Transfer Protocol
FTZ : Free Trade Zone
GAIL : Gas Authority of India Limited
GAS: Gallium Arsenide
GATT : General Agreement on Tariff and Trade
GAVI : Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization
GCC : Gulf Cooperation Council
GFLOPS: Billions of Floating Point Operations Per Second
GIC : General Insurance Corporation
GMPCS : Global Mobile Personal Communications System
GMRT : Giant Meter web Radio Telescope
GMT : Greenwich Mean Time
GNLF : Gorkha National Liberation Front
GNP : Gross National Product
GPF : General Provident Fund
GPO : General Post Office
GPRS : General Packet Radio Service
GPS : Global Positioning System
GRA : Global Research Alliance
GSDI : Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
GSI : Geological Survey of India
GSOMIA : General Security of Military Information Agreement
GSTP : Global System of Trade Practices
GUI – Graphical user interface
HAC : Hindustan Aluminum Corporation
HADP : Hill Area Development Programme
HAL : Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
HARK : Handy Audio Reach Kit System
HARTRON : Haryana State Electricity Development Corporation Limited
HCF : Highest Common Factor
HDFC : Housing Development Finance Corporation
HD: High Density / Hard Disk
HDD: Hard Disk Drive
HDPE : High Density Poly Ethylene
HDTV : High Definition Television
HDX: Half-Duplex Transmission
HEC : Heavy Engineering Corporation
HEL : Heavy Electricals Limited
HESH : High Explosive Squash Head
HFS: Hierarchical File System
HISA : Hero Indian Sports Academy
HIV : Human Immuno-deficiency Virus
HMI : Himalayan Mountaineering Institute
HMT : Hindustan Machine Tools
HPFS: High Performance File System
HPTS : High Power Television Transmitter System
HTML : Hyper Text Markup Language
HTR : High Temperature Reactor
HUDCO : Housing and Urban Development Corporation
HYVS : HigIAAI International Airport Authority of India
I/O: Input/Output
IAC : Indian Airlines Corporation
IADF : International Agriculture Development Fund
IAEA : International Atomic Energy Agency
IAPPD : Indian Association of Parliamentarians on Population and Development
IARI : Indian Agricultural Research Institute
IATA : International Air Transport Association
IBM – International Business Machines, Indian Bureau of Mines
IBRD : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (world bank)
IBSA : India, Brazil, South Africa
IBWL : Indian Board of Wild Life
IC: Integrated Circuit
ICAC : International Council of Adult Education
ICAI : Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
ICAO : International Civil Aviation Organization
ICAR : Indian Council of Agricultural Research
ICBM : Inter Continental Ballistic Missile
ICC : International Cricket Council
ICCR : Indian Council of Cultural Relations
ICCW : Indian Council of Child Welfare
ICFTU : International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
ICHR : Indian Council for Historical Research
ICICI : Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Ltd.
ICJ : International Court of Justice
ICMR : Indian Council of Medical Research
ICO : Islamic Conference Organization
ICPA : Indian Cricket Players Association
ICRC : International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRISAT : International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Topics
ICSI : Indian Company Secretaries Institute
ICSSR : Indian Council of Social Science Research
IDA : International Development Agency
IDBI : Industrial Development Bank of India
IDD : Iodine Deficiency Disorder
IDE: Integrated Device Electronics
IDO : International Defense Organization
IDPL : Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited
IED : Improvised Explosives Device
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IFA : Indian Football Association
IFAD : International Fund for Agricultural Development
IFCI : Industrial Finance Corporation of India
IFFCO : Indian Farmers Fertilizers Cooperative
IFFI : International Film Festival of India
IFFS : International Federation of Film Societies
IFTU : International Federation of Trade Union
IGMCO : Inter-Government Maritime Consultative Organization
IGNCA : Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts
IIAS : Indian Institute of Advance Studies
IIBM : Indian Institute of Business Management
IIDR : International Institute for Development Research
IIPA : Indian Institute of Public Administration
IIS : Indian Institute of Sciences
IISCO : Indian Iron and Steel Company
IIT : Indian Institute of Technology
IITM : Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
ILO : International Labour Organization
IMA : Indian Military Academy
IMCO : Inter-government Meritime Consultative Organization
IMF : Indian Mountaineering Foundation/International Monetary Fund
IMP: Interface Message Processor
IMPPA : Indian Motion Picture Producers Asscoation
INCOSPAR : Indian National Committee for Space Research
INGCA : Indira Gandhi Gallery for Culture and Art
INMAS : Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
INMURSAT : International Maritime Satellite Organisation
INS : Indian Naval Ship/Indian Newspapers Society
INSAT : Indian National Satellite
INSDOC : Indian National Scientific Documentation Centre
INTAC : Indian National Trust for Art and Culture
INTELSAT : International Telecommunication Satellite
INTERFEET : International Force for East Timor
INTERPOL : Interpol Police Organization
INTUC : Indian National Trade Union Congress
IOC : International Olympic Committee/Indian Oil Corporation
IPC : Indian Penal Code
IPC: Inter Process Communication
IPCC : Inter-government Panel on Climate Chance
IPI : International Press Institution
IPKF : Indian Peace Keeping Force
IP-VPN : Internet Protocol based Virtual Private Network
IPX: Inter network Packet exchange
IQ : Intelligence Quotient
IRA : Irish Republic Army/Insurance Regulatory Authority
IRAS : Infrared Astronomical Satellite
IRBM : Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
IRCON : Indian Railway Construction Company
IRCS : Indian Red Cross Society
IRDA : Insurance Regulatory Development Authority
IRDP : Integrated Rural Development Programme
IRO : International Refugee Organization
IRQ: Interrupt Request
IRSS : Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
ISA: Industry Standard Architecture
ISAF : International Security Assistance Force
ISAS : Institute of Space and Astronomical Science
ISB : Indian Standard Bureau
ISBA : International Sea Bed Authority
ISCUS : Indo-Soviet Cultural Society
ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network
ISE : International Stock Exchange
ISM : Indian School of Mines
ISO : International Standardized Organization
ISO: International Standards Organization
ISP : Internet Services Provider
ISRO : Indian Space Research Organization
ISS : Institute of Social Sciences
ISSP : Indian Scientific Satellite Project
IST : Indian Standard Time
ITBP : Indo-Tibet Border Police
ITDC : Indian Tourism Development Corporation
ITES : IT-Enabled Services
ITO : International Trade Organization
ITPO : Indian Trade Promotion Organization
ITR : Integrated Test Range
ITU : International Telecommunication Union
ITUC : Indian Trade Union Congress
IUC : Interconnect Usage Charges
IUCAA : Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
IUCNNR : International Union for the Conservation of Natural and National Research
IVRI : Indian Veterinary Research Institute
IVRS : Interactive Virus Response System
IWT : Indus Water Treaty
IYSH : International Year of Shelter for the Homeless
JCWI : Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants
JFS: Journalized File System
JKLF : Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
JMM : Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
JPEG : Join Photographic Experts Group
KAADC : Karbi Anglong Autonomous District Council
KARP : Kalpakkam Atomic Reprocessing Plant
KG : Kinder Garten
KNI: Katmai New Instructions
KRM : Kashmir Resolution Movement
KSTPS : Kota Super Thermal Power Station
KVA: KiloVolt-Amps
KVIC : Khadi and Village Industries Commission
LAC : Line of Actual Control
LAHDC : Ladakh Hill Development Council
LAN – Local area network
LASER – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LASER : Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LBA: Linear Block Array / Addressing
LCD – Liquid crystal display
LDC : Lower Division Clerk
LED: Light Emitting Diode
LF: Line Feed
LIBOR : London Inter Bank Offered Rate
LIC : Life Insurance Corporation of India
LIM: Lotus/Intel/Microsoft’s Expanded Memory Manager
LLB : Bachelor of Law
LLD : Doctor of Law
LLM : Master of Law
LMG : Light Machine Gun
LOAC : Line of Actual Control
LOC : Line of Control
LOGO – Language of Graphic-Oriented
LPA : Laws Prevention Association of India
LPG : Liquefied Petroleum Gas
LRU: Least-Recently Used
LSB/lsb: Least Significant Byte/bit
LSD : Lysergic acid Di-ethylamide
LSI: Large Scale Integration
LTTE : Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam
LUN: Logical Unit Number
MA : Master of Arts
MAIT : Manufacturer’s Association of Information Technology
MAN – Metropolitan area network
MAPP : Madras Atomic Power Project
MASER : Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
MB/Mb: Mega Bytes/bits
MBA : Master of Business Administration
MBBS : Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
MBR: Master Boot Record
MCA : Master of Computer Application
MCA: Micro Channel Architecture
MCC : Melbourne Cricket Club
MCF : Master Control Facility
MCGA: Multi-Color Graphics Array
MCM: Multi-Chip Module
MCOCA : Maharashtra Control of Organized Crime Act
MD : Doctor of Medicine
MDRAM: Multi-bank RAM
MECL : Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited
MEET : Mission for Extension of Educational Technology
MENAS : Middle East Navigation Aids Service
MERC : Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission
METO : Middle East Treaty Organization
MFALA : Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labour Agency
MFALS : Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Liberation Scheme
MFLOPS: Millions of FLOating Point Operations per Second
MFM: Modified Frequency Modulated
MFN : Most Favoured Nation
MHz: Megahertz
MI : Military Intelligence
MICR: Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
MIDI: Musical Instrument Data Interface
MIGA : Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
MIMD: Multiple-Instruction Multiple-Data
MIPS – Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages
MISA : Maintenance of Internal Security Act
MISD: Multiple-Instruction Single Data
MIT : Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MLA : Member of Legislative Assembly
MLC : Member of Legislative Council
MMDS : Multiple Microwave Distribution System
MMTC : Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation
MMX: Multi-Media Extensions
MNAMS : Member of National Academy of Medical Sciences
MNC : Multi National Corporation
MNLF : Moro National Liberation Front
MNP: Microcom Network Protocol
MODEM: MOdulator / DEModulator
MODVAT : Modified Value Added Tax
MOPS: Millions of Operations Per Second
MOS: Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
MP: Multi-Processor
MPEG : Motion Picture Expert Group
MPLANDS : Member of the Parliament Local Areas Development Scheme
MPLS : Micro Protocol Label Switching
MPP: Massively Parallel Processor
MPS: Multi-Processor System
MRTPC : Monopoly and Restrictive Trade Practice Commission
MRTS : Mass Rapid Transport System
MSA : Maritime Safety Agency
MSB/msb: Most Significant Byte/bit
MSDOS: Microsoft’s Disk Operating System
MSo – Micro Soft Office, Multi system operator
MST : Multi System Transmission
MTBF: Mean Time Between Failure
MTCR : Missile Technology Control Regime
MTCT : Mother to Child Transmission
MULTA : Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam
N/C: No-Connect
NABARD : National Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development
NACO : National AIDS Control Organization
NADAMS : National Agricultural Drought Assessment and Monitoring System
NAEP : National Adult Educational Programme
NAFED : National Agricultural and Marketing Federation
NAFEN : Near and Far East News
NAFTA : North American Free Trade Agreement
NANAP : Non-Aligned News Agency Pool
NAPP : Narora Atomic Power Plant
NASA : National Aeronautic and space Administration
NASDAQ : National Association of Security Dealer’s Active Quotation
NASSCOM : National Association of Software & Service Companies
NATO : North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NBCC : National Building and Construction Corporation
NBCW : Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Warfare
NBER : National Bureau of Economic Research
NBPGR : National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
NBS: National Bureau of Standards
NBTB : National Biotechnology Board
NCA : Nuclear Command Authority
NCAER : National Council for Applied Economic Research
NCB : Narcotics Control Bureau
NCCF : National Consumers Cooperative Federation
NCCR : National Council for Civil Right
NCDA : National Coal Development Authority
NCDC : National Cooperative Development Corporation
NCERT : National Council of Educational Research and Training
NCFSE : National Curriculum Framework for Secondary Education
NCPEDP : National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People
NCRA : National Centre for Radio Astrophysics
NCRB : National Crime Record Bureau
NCSTC : National Council for Science and Technology Communication
NCW : National Commission for Women
NDA : National Defense Academy
NDDB : National Dairy Development Board
NDF : National Defense Fund
NDPDC : National Drugs and Pharmaceutical Development Council
NEA : National Environment Authority
NEEPCO : North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited
NEERI : National Environment Engineering Research Institute
NEFA : North East Frontier Agency
NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association
NEPA : National Environment Protection Authority
NEXST : National Experimental Supersonic Transport
NFDC : National Film Development Corporation
NFIW : National Federation of Indian Women
NFL : National Fertilizer Limited
NFS: Network File System
NFSIT : National Venture Fund for Software and Information Technology
NFU: Not-Frequently Used
NGRI : National Geophysical Research Institute
NHPC : National Hydroelectric Power Corporation
NHRC : National Human Rights Commission
NIC : National Integration Council / National Informatics Centre
NICD : National Institute of Communicable Diseases
NIDC : National Industrial Development Corporation
NIEO : New International Economic Order
NIIT : National Institute of Information Technology
NIMHANS : National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Science
NITIE : National Institute for Training in Industrial Engineering
NLFT : National Liberation Front of Tripura
NLOT : National Large Optical Telescope
NMDC : National Mineral Development Corporation
NMDS : National Missile Defense System
NMEP : National Malaria Eradication Programme
NMHC : National Material Handling Council
NMI: Non-Maskable Interrupt
NMOS: Negatively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
NOAA : National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOIDA : New Okhla Industrial Development Authority
NOP: No OPeration NRU Not-Recently Used
NPB : Nuclear Power Board
NPC : National Productivity Council
NPCC : National Project Construction Corporation
NPCIL : Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited
NPL : National Physical Laboratory
NPP : National Population Policy
NPT : Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
NRAI : National Rifle Association of India
NRC : National Reconstruction Core
NRDC : National Research and Development Corporation
NREP : National Rural Employment Programme
NRI : Non Resident Indian
NSA : National Security Act
NSC : National Security Council / National Savings Certificate
NSCN : National Socialist Council of Nagaland
NSF: National Science Foundation
NSS : National Service Scheme
NSSO : National Sample Survey Organization
NSSTC : National Space Science and Technology Centre
NSTEDB : National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board
NSTL : National Science and Technological Laboratory
NTC : National Textile Corporation
NTES : National Train Enquiry System
NTPC : National Thermal Power Corporation
NVRAM: NonVolatile Random Access Memory
OAPNA : Organization of Asia and Pacific News Agency
OAU : Organization of African Unity
OCR: Optical Character Recognition
OCS : Overseas Communication Service
ODI: Open Data link Interface
OECD : Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OEEC : Organization for European Economic Cooperation
OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer
OGL : Open General License
OIGS : On India Government Service
OIL : Oil India Limited
OK : All Correct
OMSS : Open Market Sale Scheme
ONGC : Oil and Natural Gas Commission
OPEC : Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OPPI : Organization of Pharmaceutical Producers of India
OS: Operating System
OSCE : Organization of European Security Council
OSF: Open Software Foundation
OSI: Open Systems Interconnect
PACS : Primary Agricultural Credit Society
PAFNA : Pan African News Agency
PAL/PLA: Programmable Array Logic / Logic Array
PATA : Pacific Asia Travel Association
PB: Push Button
PBX: Private Branch eXtender
PC: Personal Computer, Program Counter
PCB: Printed Circuit Board
PCI : Press Council of India
PCI: Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCM: Pulse Code Modulation
PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PCS : Provincial Civil Services
PE: Processor Element
PEO : Programme Evaluation Organization
PFF: Page Fault Frequency
PGA: Pin Grid Array
PGA: Professional Graphics Array
PGIMR : Post Graduate Institute of Medical Research
Ph.D : Doctor of Philosophy
PIB : Press Information Bureau
PIC: Programmable Interrupt Controller
PIN : Postal Index Number
PIO: Programmed Input / Output
PIOC : Persons of Indian Origin Card
PIROM: Processor Information ROM
PLA : Peoples Liberation Army
PLCC: Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier
PLL: Phase Locked Loop
PLO : Palestine Liberation Organization
PLOTE : Peoples Liberation Organization of Tamil Elam
PM : Post Meridian / Prime Minister
PM: Preventive Maintenance
PMLA : Peoples Movement for Liberation of Angola
PMOS: Positively doped Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
PMSSY : Pradhan Mantari Swasthya Suraksha Yojna
PnP: Plug-and-Play
PNR : Passenger Numerical Record
POST: Power On Self Test
POTA : Prevention of Terrorism Act
PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol
PQFP: Plastic Quad Flat Pack
PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory
PSI : Population Service International
PSLV : Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network
PTCT : Parents to Child Transmission
PTE: Page Table Entry
PTI : Press Trust of India
PTO : Please Turn Over
PUCC : Pollution Under Control Certificate
PUCL : Peoples Union for Civil Liberties
PUDR : Peoples Union for Democratic Rights
PVC : Poly Vinyl Chloride / Param Vir Chakra
PVSM : Param Vishist Seva Medal
PWD : Public Works Department
PWG : Peoples War Group
QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QFP: Quad Flat Pack
QIC: Quarter Inch Cartridge
R&D : Research and Development
RADAR : Radio Detecting and Ranging
RAFC : Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia
RAID: Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks
RAM – Random-access memory
RAMDAC: Random Access Memory Digital to Analogue Converter
RAPP : Rajasthan Atomic Power Project
RAS: Row Address Strobe
RAW : Research and Analysis Wing
RBI : Reserve Bank of India
RCA: Radio Corporation of America
RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete
RCC: Routing Control Center
RDRAM: Rambus DRAM
RDSO : Research Design and Standard Organization
RDX : Research Development Explosive
REACH : Rural Entrepreneurship for Art and Culture Heritage
RFC: Request For Comments
RFI: Radio Frequency Interference
RFMT : Republic of Fiji Military Forces
RGNDWM : Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission
RI: Ring Indicator
RISC: Reduced Instruction-Set Computer
RITES : Rail India Technical and Economic Services
RLEGP : Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme
RLL: Run Length Limited
RMS : Railway Mail Service
RMS: Root Mean Squared
RMW: Read Modify Write
RNA : Ribonucleic Acid
ROM: Read Only Memory
ROSNI : Round Spermatid Nuclear Injection
RPC: Remote Procedure Call
RPM: Rotations Per Minute
RPNNL : Rashtriya Pariyojana Nirman Nigam Limited
RRC : Reactor Research Centre
RSS : Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
RTC: Real Time Clock
RTO : Regional Transport Officer
RTRA : Rail Tariff Regulatory Authority
RTS: Request To Send
SAAF : South Asian Accountants Federation
SAARC : South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
SADCC : South African Development Corporation Conference
SAFMA : South Asian Free Media Association
SAHMAT : Safdar Hashmi Memorial Trust
SAHR : South Asians for Human Rights
SAI : Sports Authority of India
SAIL : Steel Authority of India Limited
SALT : Strategic Arms Limitation Tax
SAM: Sequential Access Memory
SAPTA : South Asian Preferential Trade Arrangement
SARS : Service Acute Respiratory Syndrome
SASI: Shugart Associates Standard Interface
SATO : South Atlantic Treaty Organization
SATTE : South Asian Travel and Tourism Exchange
SC : Security Council / Supreme Court / Scheduled Caste
SCHIL : Stock Holding Corporation of India
SCI : Shipping Corporation of India
SCL : Space Corporation Limited
SCOPE : Standing Conference of Public Enterprises
SCRA : Special Class Railway Apprentice
SCSI: Small Computer Systems Interface
SD: Single Density
SDLC: Synchronous Data Link Control
SDR : Special Drawing Rights
SDRAM BDDR: Bi-Directional Strobed DDR SDRAM
SDRAM DDR: Double Data Rate SDRAM
SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic RAM
SE: Systems Engineer
SEARCH : Society for Environmental Awareness and Rehabilitation of Child and Handicapped
SEATO : South East Asia Treaty Organization
SEBI : Security Exchange Board of India
SEC: Single Edge Contact
SEEPZ : Santacruz Electronic Export Processing Zone
SEO : Satellite for Earth Observation
SERC : Structural Engineering Research Centre
SETS : Society of Electronics Transaction and Security
SEWA : Self Employed Women’s Association
SFALA : Small Farmers and Agricultural Labourers Agency
SFC ; Strategic Force Command
SFF: Small Form Factor
SGPC : Siromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee
SGRAM: Synchronous Graphics RAM
SHAR : Shri Harikota Range
SI: Medium Scale Integration
SIAM : Society of Indian Automobiles Manufacturers
SIDBI : Small Industries Development Bank of India
SIDS : Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
SIMD: Single-Instruction Multiple-Data
SIMM: Single Inline Memory Module
SIPP: Single Inline Pinned Package
SIS : Secret Intelligence Service
SISD: Single-Instruction Single-Dat
SITA : Separation of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act
SIV : Semen Immuno Deficiency Virus
SLAR : Sight Looking Environment Radar
SLBM : Submarine Launch Balistic Missile
SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol
SLV : Satellite Launch Vehicle
SMART : Small Mission for Advance Research
SMD: Surface Mount Device
SMS – Short Message Service
SMS : Short Messaging System
SMT: Surface Mount Technology
SNA: System Network Architecture
SNIPES : Society of National Institutes for Physical Education and Sports
SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio
SO/SOL: Small Out Line
SOIC: Small Outline Integrated Circuit
SPCA : Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
SPOOL: Simultaneous Peripheral Operation On Line
SPT: Sectors Per Track
SPU: Single Processor Unit
SRAM: Static Random Access Memory
SROSS : Stretched Rohini Satellite Series
SS: Single Sided
SSD : Satellite System Division
SSN : Social Security Number
SSTEP : Symphonic Satellite Telecommunication Experiment Project
STARS : Satellite Training and Ranging System
START : Strategic Armed Reduction Talks
STD : Subscribers Trunk Dialing
STDM: Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing
STEC : Solar Thermal Energy Centre
STEP : Satellite Telecommunication Experiment Project
STN: Super Twisted Nematic
STPI : Software Technology Park of India
STU: Streaming Tape Unit
SUNFED : Special United Nations Fund for Economic Development
SVGA: Super Video Graphics Array
SWAPO : South West African Peoples Organization
SWIFT : Short Work Programme in Information Technology
TACDE : Tactics & Aircrafts Development Establishment
TAMP : Tariff Authority for Major Port
TANSI : Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation
TAPS : Tarapur Atomic Power Station
TB : Tuberculosis
TCI : Trading Corporation of India
TCM: Trellis Code Modulation
TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
TCPO : Town and Country Planning Organization
TDM: Time Division Multiplexing
TDSAT : Telecom Dispute Settlement and Appellate Tribunal
TELCO : Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
TELEX : Teleprinter Exchange
TGIT : Telecom Group on Information Technology
TI: Texas Instruments
TIA: Telecomm Industry Association
TIFAC : Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council
TIN : Taxpayer’s Identification Number
TISCO : Tata Iron & Steel Company
TLB: Translation-Look aside Buffer
TMO : Telegraphic Money Order
TNT : Tri Nitro Toluene
TPI: Tracks Per Inch
TRACT : Transportable Remote Area Communications Terminal
TRAI : Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
TRANSISTOR: Transformer resistor
TRELS : Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station
TRQ : Tariff Rate Quota
TSR: Terminate and Stay Resident
TTFI : Table Tennis Federation of India
TTL: Transistor-Transistor Logic
TVA : Tennesey Valley Authority
TWA : Trans World Airlines
TWAS : Third World Academy of Science
TWHS : Traditional Water Harvesting Systems
TWMF : Third World Monetary Fund
TWSI : Tourism and Wild Life Society of India
UAE: Unrecoverable Application Error
UANC : United African National Council
UART: Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
UBLF : United Bengali Liberation Front
UDC : Upper Division Clerk /University Development Commission
UDI : Unilateral Declaration of Independence
UDP: User Datagram Protocol
UEEM : Universalization of Elementary Education Mission
UGC : University Grant Commission
ULFA : United Liberation Front of Assam
UMB: Upper Memory Block
UNAEC : United Nations Atomic Energy Commission
UNCED : United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
UNCHS : United Nations Commission on Human Settlements
UNCLOS : United Nations Conference on Law of the Sea
UNCSTD : United Nations Conference on Sciences and Technology for Development
UNCTAD : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNCTC : United Nations Counter Terrorism Committee
UNDP : United Nations Development Programme
UNECAFE : United Nations Economic Commission for Asia andFar East
UNEF : United Nations Emergency Force
UNEP : United Nations Environment Programme
UNESCO : United Nations Economic and Social Commission
UNFCC : United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNFPA : United Nations Framework for Population Activities
UNHCR : United Nations High Commission for Refugees
UNI : United News of India
UNICEF : United Nations International Children Emergency Fund
UNIDO : United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNISPACE : United Nations Conference on Exploration and Peaceful Usage of Outer Space
UNIX: A trademark used for a computer disk operating system
UNMIL : United Nations Mission in Libra
UNMOVIC : United Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission
UNO : United Nations Organization
UNRRA : United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration
UNSCOM : United Nations Special Commission
UNTAG : United Nations Transition Assistance Group
UPROV : Union for Protection of New Varieties of Plants
UPS – Uninterruptible power supply
UPSC : Union Public Service Commission
UPTN : Universal Personal Tele Number
UPU : Universal Postal Union
USAID : United States Agency for International Development
USIS : United States Information Service
USITC : United States International Trade Corporation
USL: UNIX System Labs
USSR : Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
UTS : Unreserved Ticketing System
UUCP: UNIX to UNIX Copy Program
VABAL : Value Based Advanced License
VAT : Value Added Tax
VBE: Video BIOS Extensions
VCO : Viceroy Commissioned Officer
VCR: Video Cassette RecorderVESA: Video Enhanced Standards Association
VDU – Visual Display Unit
VGA: Video Graphics Array
VIP : Very Important Person
VIRUS – Vital Information Resources Under Seize
VLB: VESA Local Bus
VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word
VLSI: Very Large Scale Integration
VM: Virtual Memory
VME: Versa Module Euro-card
VPP : Value Payable Post
VRAM: Video Random Access Memory
VRDE : Vehicle Research and Development Establishment
VRS : Voluntary Retirement Scheme
VRT: Voltage Reduction Technology
VSNL : Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited
VSSC : Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
VTMS : Versel Traffic Management System
VTR: Video Tape Recorder
VVF : Village Volunteer Force
WAN : Wide area network
WANO : World Association of Nuclear Operators
WATS: Wide Area Telephone Service
WAY : World Assembly of Youth
WD: Western Digital
WEF : World Economic Forum
WFTU : World Federation of Trade Union
WHO : World Health Organization
WIDF : Women’s International Democratic Federation
WIPO : World Intellectual Property Organization
WIPSA : Women’s Initiative for Peace in South Asia
WMO : World Meteorological Organization
WORM: Write Once – Read-Many
WRAM: Window Random Access Memory
WS: Wait State
WWF : World Wild Life Fund
WWFI : World Wide Fund for Nature India
WWPA : World Wild Life Protection Agency
WWW : World Wide Web
XGA: extended Graphics Array
XMS: Extended Memory Specification
XOR: Exclusive-OR
XT: extended Technology
YMCA : Young Men’s Christians Associations
YWCA : Young Women’s Christians Association
ZBB : Zero Base Budgeting
ZETA : Zero Energy Thermo Nuclear Assembly
ZIF: Zero Insertion Force
ZIFT : Zygote Intra fallopian Transfer
ZIP : Zone Improvement Plan
ZOPFAN : Zone of Peace Freedom and Neutrality
ZS : Zoological Society
ZUPO : Zimbabwe United People’s Organization

Monday, 27 April 2015

How do I create a Windows shortcut key?

Create a shortcut

  1. Create shortcut in WindowsOpen the folder or directory that contains the program you want for a shortcut.
  2. Right-click on the program and click Create Shortcut.
  3. This will create a shortcut named "Shortcut to <your program>" in the directory you are in. If you want to rename this shortcut, right-click the file and click rename.
  4. Once the above steps have been completed, you can copy or cut this shortcut and paste it anywhere.

Assign shortcut key to that Windows shortcut

Once the shortcut has been created to assign a shortcut key to that Windows shortcut follow the steps below.
  1. Right-click the shortcut and click Properties.
  2. Click the Shortcut tab.
  3. Click in the Shortcut key box and press a letter. For example, if you press "p" the shortcut key will automatically be made Ctrl + Alt + P. Which means after this has been saved pressing Ctrl, Alt, and "P" all at the same time runs the shortcut.

Microsoft Windows shortcut keys

Below is a listing of all the major Windows shortcut keys for every version of Microsoft Windows. If you are looking for shortcut keys for specific Windows programs, see our other computer keyboard shortcuts.

General Windows keyboard shortcuts

Alt + Tab
Switch between open applications in all versions of Windows. Reverse the direction by pressing Alt + Shift + Tab at the same time.
Ctrl + Tab
Switches between program groups, tabs, or document windows in applications that support this feature. Reverse the direction by pressing Ctrl + Shift + Tab at the same time.
Alt + double-click
Display the properties of the object you double-click on in Windows 95 and later. For example, doing this on a file would display its properties.
Alt + Print Screen
Create a screen shot only for the active program window in all versions of Windows. For example, if you opened the calculator and did this only the calculator window would be created as a screen shot. If just the Print Screen key is pressed the whole screen will be made into a screen shot.
Ctrl + Alt + Del
Open the Windows option screen for locking computer, switching user, Task Manager, etc. in later versions of Windows. Pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del multiple times will reboot the computer.
Ctrl + Shift + Esc
Immediately bring up the Windows Task Manager in Windows 2000 and later.
Ctrl + Esc
Open the Windows Start menu in most versions of Windows. In Windows 8 this opens the Start screen and in Windows 3.x this would bring up the Task Manager.
Alt + Esc
Switch between open applications on Taskbar in Windows 95 and later.
Alt + Space bar
Drops down the window control menu for the currently open Windows program in Windows 95 and later.
Alt + Enter
Opens properties window of selected icon or program in Windows 95 and later.
Shift + Del
Will delete any file or other object without throwing it into the Recycle Bin in Windows 95 and later.
Hold down the Shift key
When putting in an audio or data CD that uses Autoplay, holding down the Shift key will prevent that CD from playing.

Windows function key shortcuts

Below is a listing of keyboard shortcuts that use the keyboard function keys. See ourwhat are F1 through F12 keys page for a full listing of what function keys do with all other programs.
F1
Activates help for current open application. If you're at the Windows Desktop, this will activate the help for Windows.
F2
Renames a highlighted icon, file, or folder in all versions of Windows.
F3
Starts find or search when at the Windows Desktop in all versions of Windows.
F4
In Windows 95 and later this opens the drive selection or address bar when browsing files in Windows Explorer.
  • Pressing Alt + F4 closes the current open program window without a prompt in all versions of Windows.
  • Pressing Ctrl + F4 closes the open window within the current active window in Microsoft Windows. This only works in programs that support multiple windows or tabs in the same program window.
F6
While in Windows Explorer, this will move the cursor to different Windows Explorer pane or in Windows 7 browse available drives.
F8
Pressing F8 over and over as the computer is booting will start the computer in Safe Mode.
F10
Activates the File menu bar in all versions of Windows.
  • Simulates a right-click on selected item. This is useful if right-click is difficult or impossible using the mouse.

Windows keyboard key shortcuts

Below is a listing of Windows keys that can be used on computers running a Microsoft Windows 95 or later and using a keyboard with a Windows key. In the below list of shortcuts, the Windows key is represented by "WINKEY" and because not all these shortcuts will work in all versions of Windows we've mentioned what versions of Windows support each Windows key shortcut key.
All versions of Windows
WINKEY
Pressing the Windows key alone opens or hides the Windows Start menu. In Windows 8, this opens or hides the Start screen.
WINKEY + F1
Open the Microsoft Windows help and support center.
WINKEY + Pause / Break key
Open the System Properties window.
WINKEY + D
Opens the Desktop to the top of all other windows.
WINKEY + E
Open Microsoft Windows Explorer.
WINKEY + F
Display the Windows Search or Find feature.
WINKEY + Ctrl + F
Display the search for computers window.
WINKEY + L
Lock the computer and switch users if needed (Windows XP and above only).
WINKEY + M
Minimizes all windows.
WINKEY + Shift + M
Undo the minimize done by WINKEY + M and WINKEY + D.
WINKEY + R
Open the run window.
WINKEY + U
Open Utility Manager or the Ease of Access Center.
Windows XP only
WINKEY + Tab
Cycle through open programs through the Taskbar.
Windows 7 and 8 only
WINKEY + 1-0
Pressing the Windows key and any of the top row number keys from 1 to 0 opens the program corresponding to the number of icon on the Taskbar. For example, if the first icon on the Taskbar was Internet Explorer, pressing WINKEY + 1 would open that program or switch to it if already open.
WINKEY + (Plus (+) or Minus (-))
Open Windows Magnifier and zoom in with the plus symbol (+) and zoom out with the minus symbol (-).
  • Press the WINKEY + ESC to close the Magnifier
WINKEY + Home
Minimize all windows except the active window.
WINKEY + P
Change between the monitor and projection display types or how second screen displays computer screen.
WINKEY + T
Set the focus on the Taskbar icons
WINKEY + Left arrow
Shrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the left side for side by side viewing.
WINKEY + Right arrow
Shrinks the window to 1/2 screen on the right side for side by side viewing.
WINKEY + Up arrow
When in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to full size.
WINKEY + Down arrow
Minimizes the screen. Also, when in the side by side viewing mode, this shortcut takes the screen back to a minimized size.
Windows 8 only
WINKEY + ,
Peek at the Windows Desktop.
WINKEY + .
Snap a Windows App to the sides of the screen. Pressing it multiple times will switch between the right and left-hand side of the screen or unsnap the app.
WINKEY + Enter
Open Windows Narrator
WINKEY + C
Open the Charms.
WINKEY + G
Cycle through Desktop gadgets.
WINKEY + H
Open Share in Charms.
WINKEY + I
Open the Settings in Charms.
WINKEY + J
Switch between snapped apps.
WINKEY + K
Open Devices in Charms.
WINKEY + O
Lock the screen orientation.
WINKEY + X
Open the power user menu, which gives you access to many of the features most power users would want to use such as Device Manager, Control Panel, Event Viewer, Command Prompt, and much more.

Friday, 3 April 2015

Top 5 Websites to Improve typing Speed and skills


Everyone using the computer wish to finish their tasks quickly. For doing this, typing plays a vital role because no matter if you are making presentations, doing content writing or even chatting you have to apply your Typing skills everywhere.
It is dream of everyone to type rapidly and without even looking at your keyboard, just by concentrating on word over your screen which you are typing. But many of us really don’t have those great typing skills and if same is the case with you , just don’t worry .
Here is a list of few outstanding websites which will not only increase your typing speed but also let you Improve typing Speed and minimizing typing mistakes.

1.TypingTest.com


Improve typing Speed

On Typingtest.com you will have to select a time slice ranging from 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes. Accordingly choose one text type from given ten types and then you can begin the touch typing test
After this test completes, website will generate a summary showing your typing speed, typing accuracy and errors that you made during your typing test. It will also categorize your typing in slow, Average or Fast in order to help you improve.
Besides, you can also play nine different games to test your typing speed while enjoying the game at the same time.

2.PowerTyping.com

Improve typing Speed

The website PowerTyping is an online free typing tutor website allowing you practice on both kinds of keyboards i.e. Qwerty keyboard and Dvorak keyboard. Here Qwerty keyboard will make your paragraph or words typing skills better while Dvorak keyboard will be helping you to understand the alphabet’s keys location on your keyboard. You can select your desired keyboard and take the typing practice, or you can play some typing games as well.

 3. Keybr.com


Improve typing Speed


Keybr.com is different from above mentioned two websites in such a manner because besides English, you can also take test for French, Italian, German, Spanish, Portuguese and Russian here. Some of which offer more than one default keyboard layout making you perfect in typing languages even other than English.
You can choose the test type from Random words, Custom text and Imported web site or blog which gives you flexibility to practice simply anything you want.

4. TypeRacer.com

Improve typing Speed


In TypeRacer.com you can enter a typing race, take some practices yourself and also invite your friends to a private race with chat where you can compete against them. It will not just Improve typing Speed of yours but will also help you to measuring typing speed as well as chatting with your friends at the same time. You can install TypeRacer on Facebook, Myspace, Orkut, Hi5, or Netlog  and you can also test your typing speed in Chinese, French, Japanese and many other languages.

Improve typing Speed


As per the name of website, you can test and Improve typing Speed by playing games. There are 10 different free typing games and each of them has three levels: beginner, Intermediate and advanced.
Apart from this you can also study the typing lessons or you can take some typing tests if you don’t wish to play game and just want to practice in classical manner.